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U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio testified on March 24, 2026, in the federal criminal trial of former Florida congressman David Rivera, who is accused of secretly lobbying for Venezuela’s government during the first Trump administration.
Prosecutors say Rivera and codefendant Esther Nuhfer took a $50 million consulting contract in 2017 with a U.S. affiliate of Venezuela’s state oil company (Citgo/PDVSA) and were paid roughly $20 million to influence U.S. officials without registering under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.
The indictment alleges Rivera sought meetings with then-senator Rubio and others, used an encrypted chat group tied to Venezuelan businessman Raúl Gorrín, and sought access to the White House and Exxon.
Rivera and Nuhfer pleaded not guilty to counts including failing to register as foreign agents and money laundering; defense lawyers say the work was commercial and exempt from FARA and that Rivera aimed to help the Venezuelan opposition.
Prosecutors framed the case as one of “greed and betrayal.” Rubio, a onetime roommate and longtime ally of Rivera, is not charged.; his testimony is notable because few sitting Cabinet members have testified in criminal trials in modern times.







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